{"id":271109,"date":"2023-04-21T08:05:36","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T08:05:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/"},"modified":"2023-07-24T08:05:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T08:05:48","slug":"biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/","title":{"rendered":"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ make_equal=”on” module_class=”reverse” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_padding=”0px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”77bd6224-541c-4dfa-aa0c-4832456a9557″ header_font=”Montserrat|900|on|on|||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”2vw” text_orientation=”right” custom_padding=”36px||36px||true|false” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”7vw” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” header_text_shadow_style=”preset1″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”0.22em” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”0.28em” header_text_shadow_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.16)” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-5fba0126-308f-4f42-aa94-6c5d80831bca%22:%91%93}”]<\/p>\n

Biomechanical improvement of serve performance<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” header_3_text_align=”center” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”54px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||15px||false|false” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

220 km\/h<\/h3>\n

BALL SPEED<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” header_3_text_align=”center” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”54px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||15px||false|false” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

2000 N<\/h3>\n

VERTICAL GROUND REACTION FORCE<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” header_3_text_align=”center” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”54px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||15px||false|false” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

100\u00b0\u00a0<\/h3>\n

MAXIMAL INTERNAL ANGLE OF KNEE FLEXION<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” header_3_text_align=”center” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”54px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||15px||false|false” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

2500 \u00b0\/s<\/h3>\n

SHOULDER ANGULAR VELOCITY<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat|600|||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” header_3_text_align=”center” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”54px” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||15px||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

50 m\/s<\/h3>\n

MAXIMAL RACKET VELOCITY<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg” title_text=”Amelioration performance 02″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” width=”76%” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Features” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”abe15537-a205-41f8-9025-7356e956fa93″ header_font=”||||||||” header_3_font=”Syncopate|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”17px” header_3_line_height=”1.2em” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” header_3_font_size_tablet=”20px” header_3_font_size_phone=”16px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The serve : a weapon<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”8cd1ce6b-38be-479c-8fe0-00b31d0a6bd3″ text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_line_height=”2.2em” max_width=”800px” text_font_size_tablet=”15px” text_font_size_phone=”14px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Today, the serve is one of the most important strokes<\/strong> in tennis. To hinder the opponent’s return, the best professional players optimize the biomechanics of their motion<\/strong> to hit with power, accuracy and spin. Poorly executed,<\/strong> the serve can be painful, causing both chronic (shoulder, elbow, back) and\/or acute injuries<\/strong> (abdominals).<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”abe15537-a205-41f8-9025-7356e956fa93″ header_font=”||||||||” header_3_font=”Syncopate|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”17px” header_3_line_height=”1.2em” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” header_3_font_size_tablet=”20px” header_3_font_size_phone=”16px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Tennis serve biomechanics<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”8cd1ce6b-38be-479c-8fe0-00b31d0a6bd3″ text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_line_height=”2.2em” max_width=”800px” text_font_size_tablet=”15px” text_font_size_phone=”14px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The serve corresponds to a sequence of motions based on a kinematic chain<\/strong> that begins with the action of the legs<\/strong> and continues with rotations of the trunk and upper limb.<\/strong> This kinematic chain transfers energy from the legs to the racket.<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”abe15537-a205-41f8-9025-7356e956fa93″ header_font=”||||||||” header_3_font=”Syncopate|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#000000″ header_3_font_size=”17px” header_3_line_height=”1.2em” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” header_3_font_size_tablet=”20px” header_3_font_size_phone=”16px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Technical expertise<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”8cd1ce6b-38be-479c-8fe0-00b31d0a6bd3″ text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_line_height=”2.2em” max_width=”800px” text_font_size_tablet=”15px” text_font_size_phone=”14px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The serve is a difficult and potentially traumatic stroke<\/strong> to master, as the player has to combine and sequence the actions and rotations<\/strong> of the different body segments<\/strong> with the right timing to hit the ball as high as possible<\/strong> and maximize ball speed and\/or the amount of spin.<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][dsm_image_hotspots src=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Federer1.jpg” title_text=”Federer1″ icon_font_size=”17px” tooltip_background_color=”#D5FF00″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][dsm_image_hotspots_child font_icon=”P||divi||400″ icon_color=”#000000″ left_position=”42%” top_position=”91%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”Montserrat||||||||” header_text_color=”#000000″ body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#D5FF00″ background_enable_color=”on” border_width_all_hotspot=”1px” border_color_all_hotspot=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Vertical ground reaction force\u00a0<\/p>\n

[\/dsm_image_hotspots_child][dsm_image_hotspots_child font_icon=”P||divi||400″ icon_color=”#000000″ left_position=”44%” top_position=”75%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”Montserrat||||||||” header_text_color=”#000000″ body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#D5FF00″ background_enable_color=”on” border_width_all_hotspot=”1px” border_color_all_hotspot=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Knee flexion<\/p>\n

[\/dsm_image_hotspots_child][dsm_image_hotspots_child font_icon=”P||divi||400″ icon_color=”#000000″ left_position=”33%” top_position=”41%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”Montserrat||||||||” header_text_color=”#000000″ body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#D5FF00″ background_enable_color=”on” border_width_all_hotspot=”1px” border_color_all_hotspot=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Shoulder angular velocity<\/p>\n

[\/dsm_image_hotspots_child][dsm_image_hotspots_child font_icon=”P||divi||400″ icon_color=”#000000″ left_position=”38%” top_position=”11%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”Montserrat||||||||” header_text_color=”#000000″ body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ background_color=”#D5FF00″ background_enable_color=”on” border_width_all_hotspot=”1px” border_color_all_hotspot=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Racket speed<\/p>\n

[\/dsm_image_hotspots_child][\/dsm_image_hotspots][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||27px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”81971a75-841c-49d0-bfb5-1ec934ba9dc0″ header_4_font=”Montserrat|800|on|on|||||” header_4_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_4_font_size=”120px” header_4_line_height=”1.1em” text_orientation=”center” width=”100%” custom_margin=”||-60px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”||-50px||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”||-20px||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” header_4_font_size_tablet=”80px” header_4_font_size_phone=”43px” header_4_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_4_text_shadow_style=”preset3″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”0.03em” header_4_text_shadow_color=”#b4b700″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_phone=”0.03em” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Results<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”33d8ed47-9575-4183-ae48-b1d6c4145db4″ header_2_font=”Syncopate|700||on|||||” header_2_text_color=”#000000″ header_2_font_size=”60px” header_2_line_height=”1.2em” text_orientation=”center” header_2_font_size_tablet=”32px” header_2_font_size_phone=”25px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Main results<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”8cd1ce6b-38be-479c-8fe0-00b31d0a6bd3″ text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_line_height=”2.2em” max_width=”800px” text_font_size_tablet=”15px” text_font_size_phone=”14px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The players who serve with the highest ball velocity are those who :<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb image=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Numbers01.jpg” image_icon_width=”49%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Produce the greatest amounts of segment rotation.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb image=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Numbers02.jpg” image_icon_width=”49%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Best transfer energy from one segment to another.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb image=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Numbers03.jpg” image_icon_width=”49%” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” body_font=”Montserrat||||||||” body_text_color=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Show optimal timing in the sequence of segmental actions from the legs to the racket.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”About” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_stops=”#ffffff 0%|rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 100%” background_color_gradient_overlays_image=”on” background_color_gradient_start=”#ffffff” background_color_gradient_end=”rgba(255,255,255,0.5)” background_image=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/tennis-club-015.jpg” custom_padding=”83px||||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”400px||||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”300px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||27px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”81971a75-841c-49d0-bfb5-1ec934ba9dc0″ header_4_font=”Montserrat|800|on|on|||||” header_4_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_4_font_size=”120px” header_4_line_height=”1.1em” text_orientation=”center” width=”100%” custom_margin=”||-60px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”||-50px||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”||-20px||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” header_4_font_size_tablet=”80px” header_4_font_size_phone=”26px” header_4_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_4_text_shadow_style=”preset3″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”0.03em” header_4_text_shadow_color=”#b4b700″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_phone=”0.03em” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Studies<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”33d8ed47-9575-4183-ae48-b1d6c4145db4″ header_2_font=”Syncopate|700||on|||||” header_2_text_color=”#000000″ header_2_font_size=”60px” header_2_line_height=”1.2em” text_orientation=”center” header_2_font_size_tablet=”32px” header_2_font_size_phone=”20px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Publications<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][dsm_advanced_tabs dsm_show_arrow=”on” dsm_inner_content_animation=”fadeInUp” dsm_tabs_image_icon_placement=”left” dsm_tabs_gap=”14px” dsm_tabs_bg_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” dsm_tabs_active_bg_color=”#D5FF00″ dsm_tabs_text_color=”#000000″ dsm_tabs_active_text_color=”#000000″ dsm_tabs_icon_size=”15px” dsm_tabs_active_icon_color=”#000000″ dsm_content_margin=”|||30px|false|false” dsm_content_padding=”40px|40px|40px|40px|true|true” dsm_tabs_image_icon_margin=”3px|5px|||false|false” dsm_tabs_wrapper_padding=”15px|15px|15px|15px|true|true” dsm_tabs_wrapper_bg_color=”rgba(238,238,238,0.4)” dsm_tabs_gap_tablet=”8px” dsm_tabs_gap_phone=”8px” dsm_tabs_gap_last_edited=”on|tablet” dsm_content_margin_tablet=”30px|||0px|false|false” dsm_content_margin_phone=”30px|||0px|false|false” dsm_content_margin_last_edited=”on|tablet” dsm_content_padding_tablet=”40px|40px|40px|40px|true|true” dsm_content_padding_phone=”40px|25px|40px|25px|true|true” dsm_content_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” tab_title_font_size=”17px” content_title_font=”Nunito Sans|800|||||||” content_title_font_size=”30px” tab_content_text_font=”Nunito Sans||||||||” tab_content_text_font_size=”16px” tab_content_text_line_height=”1.8em” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#FFFFFF” button_bg_color=”#ff0202″ button_border_width=”0px” button_border_radius=”100px” button_font=”Nunito Sans|700|||||||” button_icon=”$||divi||400″ button_on_hover=”off” button_custom_margin=”20px||||false|false” button_custom_margin_tablet=”20px||||false|false” button_custom_margin_phone=”10px||||false|false” button_custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” button_custom_padding=”9px|45px|9px|25px|true|false” button_custom_padding_tablet=”9px|45px|9px|25px|true|false” button_custom_padding_phone=”7px|35px|7px|15px|true|false” button_custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” image_icon_custom_padding=”12px|15px|12px|20px|true|false” image_icon_custom_padding_tablet=”6px|11px|6px|11px|true|true” image_icon_custom_padding_phone=”6px|11px|6px|11px|true|true” image_icon_custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” tab_title_font_size_tablet=”13px” tab_title_font_size_phone=”13px” tab_title_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” content_title_font_size_tablet=”30px” content_title_font_size_phone=”20px” content_title_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” tab_content_text_font_size_tablet=”16px” tab_content_text_font_size_phone=”13px” tab_content_text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” button_text_size_tablet=”” button_text_size_phone=”15px” button_text_size_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii_dsm_tabs_border=”on|100px|100px|100px|100px” border_radii_dsm_tabs_wrapper_border=”on|10px|10px|10px|10px” border_radii_dsm_content_border=”on|10px|10px|10px|10px” border_width_all_dsm_content_border=”0px” box_shadow_style_content_shadow=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical_content_shadow=”20px” box_shadow_blur_content_shadow=”45px” box_shadow_spread_content_shadow=”10px” box_shadow_color_content_shadow=”rgba(0,0,0,0.07)” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”Professional tennis players\u2019 serve” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=”Professional tennis players\u2019 serve: correlation between segmental angular momentums and ball velocity ” dsm_content=”<\/p>\n

C. Martin<\/u><\/strong>, R. Kulpa, P. Delamarche, B. Bideau. \u00ab Professional tennis players\u2019 serve: correlation between segmental angular momentums and ball velocity \u00bb<\/em>, Sports Biomechanics, Special Issue : Tennis and Biomechanics, 2013, 12(1), 2-14.<\/p>\n

” button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-biomecanique-01-MARTIN-et-al-2012-SB.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”How does the tennis serve technique influence the serve-and-volley? ” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=”How does the tennis serve technique influence the serve-and-volley? ” dsm_content=”<\/p>\n

C. Martin<\/u><\/strong>, B. Bideau, G. Nicolas, P. Delamarche, R. Kulpa. \u00bbHow does the tennis serve technique influence the serve-and-volley? \u00bb<\/em> Journal of Sports Sciences, 2012, 30(1), 1149-56. <\/p>\n

” button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-biomecanique-02-Martin-et-al-JSS-2012.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”Lien entre les rotations des segments du corps vers l\u2019avant et la vitesse de balle au service chez des joueurs de haut niveau” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=” Lien entre les rotations des segments du corps vers l\u2019avant et la vitesse de balle au service chez des joueurs de haut niveau” dsm_content=”<\/p>\n

C. Martin<\/u><\/strong>. \u00abLien entre les rotations des segments du corps vers l\u2019avant et la vitesse de balle au service chez des joueurs de haut niveau<\/em>\u00bb, Technique et p\u00e9dagogie, La lettre du club f\u00e9d\u00e9ral des enseignants professionnels n\u00b077, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Fran\u00e7aise de Tennis, 2012, 6-9.<\/p>\n

” button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-biomecanique-04-e-mag-77-juillet-2012.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”Impact biom\u00e9canique de la technique de service ” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=”Impact biom\u00e9canique de la technique de service sur l\u2019encha\u00eenement service \u2013 vol\u00e9e” dsm_content=”<\/p>\n

C. Martin.<\/u><\/strong> \u00abImpact biom\u00e9canique de la technique de service sur l\u2019encha\u00eenement service \u2013 vol\u00e9e<\/em>\u00bb, Technique et p\u00e9dagogie, La lettre du club f\u00e9d\u00e9ral des enseignants professionnels n\u00b062, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Fran\u00e7aise de Tennis, 2010, 6<\/p>\n

” button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-biomecanique-05-Lettre_62-OK41.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”Importance des rotations du tronc lors du service ” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=”Importance des rotations du tronc lors du service ” dsm_content=”C. Martin.<\/u><\/strong> \u00abImportance des rotations du tronc lors du service <\/em>\u00bb, Emag – N\u00b0 89″ button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Emag-n\u00b089-2013-importance-rotation.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][dsm_advanced_tabs_child dsm_title=”Analyse biom\u00e9canique du service au tennis : lien avec la performance et les pathologies du membre sup\u00e9rieur” dsm_use_icon_image=”on” dsm_use_icon=”on” font_icon=”i||divi||400″ dsm_content_title=”Analyse biom\u00e9canique du service au tennis : lien avec la performance et les pathologies du membre sup\u00e9rieur” dsm_content=”Th\u00e8se de Caroline Martin : Analyse biom\u00e9canique du service au tennis : lien avec la performance et les pathologies du membre sup\u00e9rieur. Education. Universit\u00e9 Rennes 2, 2013. Fran\u00e7ais. ffNNT : 2013REN20042ff.” button_text=”Download” button_url=”https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/2013theseMartinC.pdf” url_new_window=”on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” tab_title_text_align=”left” tab_title_font_size=”14px” content_title_font=”Montserrat|800|||||||” custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#000000″ button_bg_color=”#d5ff00″ global_colors_info=”{}” parentOrderClass=”dsm_advanced_tabs_0″][\/dsm_advanced_tabs_child][\/dsm_advanced_tabs][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Biomechanical improvement of serve performance220 km\/h BALL SPEED2000 N VERTICAL GROUND REACTION FORCE100\u00b0\u00a0 MAXIMAL INTERNAL ANGLE OF KNEE FLEXION2500 \u00b0\/s SHOULDER ANGULAR VELOCITY50 m\/s MAXIMAL RACKET VELOCITYThe serve : a weaponToday, the serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. To hinder the opponent’s return, the best professional players optimize the biomechanics of their motion to hit with power, accuracy and spin. Poorly executed, the serve can be painful, causing both chronic (shoulder, elbow, back) and\/or acute injuries (abdominals).Tennis serve biomechanicsThe serve corresponds to a sequence of motions based on a kinematic chain that begins with the action of the legs and continues with rotations of the trunk and upper limb. This kinematic chain transfers energy from the legs to the racket.Technical expertiseThe serve is a difficult and potentially traumatic stroke to master, as the player has to combine and sequence the actions and rotations of the different body segments with the right timing to hit the ball as high as possible and maximize ball speed and\/or the amount of spin.

\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t
\"\"<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>
\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t
P<\/span><\/span><\/div>
Vertical ground reaction force\u00a0<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>
\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t
L<\/span><\/span><\/div>
<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":270971,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-271109","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBiomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Caroline Martin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-24T08:05:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/\",\"name\":\"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-04-21T08:05:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-24T08:05:48+00:00\",\"description\":\"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":800},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Caroline Martin\",\"description\":\"Tennis et sciences\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Caroline Martin\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Logo-Caroline-Martin-noir.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Logo-Caroline-Martin-noir.jpg\",\"width\":346,\"height\":129,\"caption\":\"Caroline Martin\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin","description":"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin","og_description":"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/","og_site_name":"Caroline Martin","article_modified_time":"2023-07-24T08:05:48+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":800,"url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/","url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/","name":"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance - Caroline Martin","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg","datePublished":"2023-04-21T08:05:36+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-24T08:05:48+00:00","description":"The serve is one of the most important strokes in tennis. It\u2019s a difficult blow to master and potentially traumatic.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Amelioration-performance-02.jpg","width":800,"height":800},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/biomechanical-improvement-of-serve-performance\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Biomechanical improvement of serve performance"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/","name":"Caroline Martin","description":"Tennis et sciences","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Caroline Martin","url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Logo-Caroline-Martin-noir.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Logo-Caroline-Martin-noir.jpg","width":346,"height":129,"caption":"Caroline Martin"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/271109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=271109"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/271109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":271111,"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/271109\/revisions\/271111"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/270971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.caromartin-tennis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=271109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}